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Its there because the tobacco industry first extracts all of it from the tobacco that it processes, and then it sprays it back into the tobacco at metered amounts

The ashtray is designed to hold one cigar of any ring gauge and has a deep dish to hold the ashes

Applying Bayess rule, we have odds(smoker | cancer) = odds(smoker) * p(cancer | smoker) / p(cancer | non-smoker) Rearranging terms, we can solve for the risk ratio: p(cancer | smoker) / p(cancer | non-smoker) = odds(smoker | cancer) / odds(smoker) = 16 Thats the answer I had in mind, but let me address an objection raised by one poll respondent, who chose Other because, You cant draw casual inferences from observational data without certain assumptions which Im unwilling to make. Thats true

In those days Byrds smokes were not a matter of profound national concern, and fur-thermore Brook Clubs are not made and ballyhooed by a big tobacco company